Simultaneous Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate and Poly（ethylene terephthalate） Using Alkali Metals as Catalysts

Dimethyl carbonate （DMC） and poly（ethylene terephthalate） was simultaneously synthesized by the transesterification of ethylene carbonate （EC） with dimethyl terephthalate （DMT） in this paper. This reaction is an excellent green chemical process without poisonous substance. Various alkali metals were used as the catalysts. The results showed alkali metals had catalytic activity in a certain extent. The effect of reaction condition was also studied. When the reaction was carded out under the following conditions： the reaction temperature 250℃, molar ratio of EC to DMT 3 ： 1, reaction time 3h, and catalyst amount 0.004 （molar ratio to DMT）, the yield of DMC was 68.9%.     

成核剂对不同特性粘数PET结晶性能的影响

研究了新型复合成核剂水滑石(HT)／离聚物(Surlyn8920)／聚乙二醇(PEG)对不同特性粘数聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)非等温结晶性能的影响。通过差示扫描量热仪测试了PET的结晶峰温度T_(mc)和熔融峰温度(T_m)。结果表明,复合成核剂各组分及PET的质量比为0.5:3.0:3.0:100.0时,各种PET的过冷度(T_m-T_(mc))均显著减少．半结晶时间(1gt_(1／2))也明显降低。而且,复合成核剂对不同特性粘数PET结晶性能的改善是一致的。     

乙二醇二甲醚的合成及应用

综述了乙二醇二甲醚的各种合成方法，指出相转移催化法是目前理想的工艺路线，并详细介绍了乙二醇二甲醚在各领域的应用。     

室温离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯的合成及电导率研究

利用硫酸二甲酯分别与N-甲基及N-丁基咪唑在室温下反应,一步合成了离子液体1-甲基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯,测定了在不同温度下离子液体的电导率.结果表明:随着温度的升高,离子液体的电导率迅速增加;同时电导率与温度的变化关系符合多项式方程和Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher(VTF)方程.     

Synthesis of poly(vinyl propionate) from poly(vinyl alcohol) in nonaqueous medium using ethyl nitrate dimethyl sulfoxide as a catalyst

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be dissolved in a nonaqueous medium in the presence of catalytic concentration of ethyl nitrate dimethyl sulfoxide, C₂H₅ONO₂·DMSO. From the PVA solution, poly(vinyl propionate), PVPR was prepared by the homogeneous esterification of PVA with propionic acid. The ester thus formed contained some unconverted hydroxyl group. The formation of the ester was confirmed by the IR and ¹H‐NMR spectra. The molecular weight of the ester was determined by GPC and intrinsic viscosity (η) was determined by viscometric method. Glass transition temperature, T_g, was obtained from differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis. Thermal stabilities of the ester were checked by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis. The efficiency of the ester as a flow improver of crude oil was also examined. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5675–5679, 2006     

Comments on the use of buckminsterfullerene encapsulated in zeolite Y as a potential catalyst

Buckminsterfullerene encapsulated within zeolite Y is found not to be a reactive radical initiator for the formation of dimethoxyethane from dimethyl ether below 200° C. Above this temperature the expected acid catalysed conversion of dimethyl ether to hydrocarbons is observed. Dimethoxyethane formation is observed when bibenzoyl peroxide is used as a radical initiator. These studies indicate that any radical formed by the encapsulated buckminsterfullerene is relatively unreactive.     

Toughening of poly(butylene terephthalate) by AES terpolymer

AES, a terpolymer of acrylonitrile-EPDM(ethylene/propylene/diene elastomer)-styrene, was blended in poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Uniaxial tensile tests were carried out at various strain rates on blends containing 0-50 wt% of AES in order to study the yielding behavior of PBT in these blends by the Eyring equation. It was found that stress concentration factor (γ) increases sharply when a small content of AES is incorporated in the PBT matrix, but further incorporation seems to have small effect and γ levels out, a behavior that can be explained by the blend morphology and AES mechanical characteristics. The effect of AES content on the notched Izod impact strength of PBT blends was also examined in depth. It was found that a supertough blend can be achieved with at least 30 wt% of AES in PBT in appropriate molding temperature. Macroscopic and microscopic observations indicate that dilatational process play an important role on the toughening mechanism in PBT/AES blends at notched Izod impact tests.     

对叔丁基苄胺的合成研究

摘要选择Delepine反应法的路线合成对叔丁基苄胺，并对反应投料比、反应温度及酸化后的反应时间进行了优化试验，得到了较好的反应条件：反应温度为40℃，对叔丁基苄氯与乌洛托品投料比为1：1；加入酸和醇后的保温时间为2h，从而使反应收率稳定在90％以上，含量达到95％。     

液相甲醇氧化羰基法合成碳酸二甲酯

液相甲醇氧化羰基法是近年开发和工业化的合成ＤＭＣ新工艺，文中通过对该工艺所用催化剂的进展、基础气液平衡数据和工艺流程的考察，展现了其取代传统光气法合成ＤＭＣ的前景，可参考该法在“九五”期间建立我国ＤＭＣ产品的工业生产。     

分散染料在涤/锦双组分纤维上色差的色度学分析

将涤 /锦复合丝分离成单一组分的超细涤纶和锦纶。用常用的分散染料同浴染色后 ,测定了各染色样品的颜色三刺激值 ,并经过色度学计算。实验分析表明 ,分散染料对锦纶染色物的反射光主波长值较相应涤纶染色物向长波方向移动 ;蒽醌类分散染料在锦纶上的得色量较小 ,彩度较低 ;而偶氮类分散染料对涤 /锦染色的总色差较小 ,较适合于涤 /锦复合丝的染色。